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Battle of Mud Springs
The Battle of Mud Springs took place February 4–6, 1865 in Nebraska between the U.S. army and warriors of the Lakota Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes. The battle was inconclusive although the Indians succeeded in capturing some Army horses and a herd of several hundred cattle.
Mud Springs is located eight miles northwest of Dalton, Nebraska and is today a National Historic Site.
==Background==
After the Sand Creek Massacre in November 1864 in Colorado, the Plains Indians of the three tribes in that region decided to move northward to the more-isolated Powder River Country of Wyoming. En route they sought revenge for Sand Creek, spending most of the month of January raiding along the South Platte River in Colorado and burning the settlement of Julesburg on February 2. On February 3, they burned a telegraph station on Lodgepole Creek and on February 4 an advance party of Sioux warriors appeared at Mud Springs, a stagecoach station with a telegraph. Only 14 men, including 9 soldiers, were behind the sod and log walls of the station.〔McDermott, John D. “’We had a terribly hard time letting them go:’ The Battles of Mud Springs and Rush Creek, February 1865.” ''Nebraska History'' Vol. 77 (1996, p. 79〕
Both Indians and soldiers appear to have been well-armed. Bullets from 21 different types of firearms have been found at the battle site. The most common arm of both sides may have been the Spencer carbine. The Indians also used bows and arrows.〔Bleed, Peter and Scott, Douglas D. "Archeological Interpretation of the Frontier Battle at Mud Springs, Nebraska." ''Great Plains Research' 19 (Spring 2009), p. 18〕 The Indians had abundant food and other supplies obtained from their raids in the South Platte Valley and thus were enabled to remain together in a large group for an extended period of time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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